气动系统中的压力增压器与容积增压器介绍（中英文）

什么是增压器？它用于哪些场合？

What is Pressure booster? and where is it used?

增压器是一种用于提高控制器输出压力的装置。当工厂压力不足以满足现场仪表的运行需求时，就需要使用增压器。常见的增压器是2:1增压器，这意味着它可以将压力提高一倍。

例如，当上游压力较高时，可以使用强力弹簧来关闭阀门；然而，控制器通常输出的 20 psi 压力不足以使阀门完全打开。这时，2:1增压器就能使系统正常运行。

A pressure booster is a device used to increase the supply pressure from a controller. The pressure boosters are used where plant pressure is not enough for the working of field instruments. A common pressure booster is a 2:1 booster, which means it doubles the pressure.

For example, heavy spring can be used to close the valve against a high upstream pressure; however, the normal controller output of 20 psi cannot open the valve fully. A 2:1 pressure booster makes the system operational.

运作方式：

Working:

1-驱动室A，2-活塞，3-增压室A，4-切换阀，5-止回阀，6-增压室B，7-活塞杆，8-驱动室B，9-调节器，10-气源。红色管路中的压力高于绿色管路中的压力。

图中所示为一个简单的双腔增压器。压缩空气流入驱动室A和增压室B，驱动室B中的空气直接排放到大气中。活塞左侧的受力可以是右侧的两倍，因此增压室A中的压力可以达到供气压力的两倍。当活塞运动到行程末端时，切换阀改变位置，从而改变活塞的运动方向。这样，增压调节器就可以持续排出高压空气。

1-Drive chamber A, 2-piston, 3-booster chamber A 4-switching valve, 5-check valve, 6-booster chamber B, 7-piston rod, 8-drive chamber B, 9-regulator, 10-air source. The pressure is higher in red lines than in green lines.

The figure shows a simple 2 chamber booster. The pressurised air flows into drive chamber A and boosts chamber B, and the air in drive chamber B discharges directly to the atmosphere. The force on the left side of the piston can be twice as great as that on the right side, so the pressure in boost chamber A can become twice as high as the supply pressure. When the piston moves to the end of its stroke, the switching valve changes its position, which causes the piston to change direction. Thus, the booster regulator can continuously exhaust high-pressure air.

容积增压器

Volume Booster:

增压器通常用于提高气动控制器对控制阀的响应速度。其工作原理是增加流向执行器的空气流量。增压器通常与节流控制阀上的定位器配合使用，以提高阀的行程速度。增压器具有固定的死区（由供气塞和排气塞的阀座间距决定），该死区在工厂装配和测试过程中已预先设定。

A volume booster is typically used to increase the response of a pneumatic controller to the control valve. This is done by increasing the air flow rate to the actuator. Volume booster is used in conjunction with a positioner on a throttling control valve to increase stroking speed. The booster has a fixed deadband (controlled by the seat‐to‐seat dimension of the supply and exhaust plugs) which is factory set during assembly and testing.

运作方式：

Working:

控制器将其输出信号施加到增压器而非控制阀。增压器中的先导阀需要大约 1 立方英寸的空气才能重新定位。驱动阀门的空气以每分钟 35 标准立方英尺的流速流经增压器，从而增加了控制阀的行程时间。

容积增压器的唯一运行要求是调节旁通阀的阻力，以确保执行器性能稳定。

The controller applies its output signal to the booster instead of to the control valve. The pilot valve in the booster requires about 1 cubic inch of air to reposition. The air to operate the valve passes through the booster at 35 standard cubic feet per minute, increasing the stroking time of the control valve.

The only operating requirement of the volume booster is the adjustment of the bypass restriction for stable actuator performance.